![]() ![]() The anethole containing plants also finds their use as spices, mouth freshener, and sweetener 10. Traditionally, anethole-containing plants were used for treating issues of nervous disturbances, inflammation, gastro-intestinal problem as well as catarrh of the respiratory tract 8. It is an important flavoring compound with extensive utilization in the field of food and confectionery, perfumery, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical applications 8, 9. The trans-anethole has a sweeter herbaceous aroma and it tastes sweet which is about ten times sweeter than common edible sugar 7. Among its isomers, the naturally occurring isomer form of anethole is trans-anethole which covers around 90% of naturally found anethole 6. One of the compounds naturally sourced from essential oil is “anethole” and it’s a derivative of alkoxy propenyl benzene which occurs naturally in trans and cis form 6. Thus, the need for natural products is on the higher side by the virtue of the trend of the population to move to greener sources. ![]() Owing to being natural, in turn being lesser toxic than the synthetic variants essential oils are sought as alternative medicine in recent researches as more people are heading towards natural sources for various treatments 5. However, recent advances have bought the limelight on the pharmaceutical aspects of essential oil. Previously essential oils were lesser employed for their pharmacological properties. Traditionally essential oils were majorly used as food preservative agents, perfuming and flavoring agents 2– 4. Thus, ARCHEO could be a commercially viable and widely available cheaper source of anethole, which has buoyant demand in the field of food flavoring, fragrance, and pharmaceutical industries.Įssential oils are natural, concentrated hydrophobic fragranced volatile oily liquid with mixtures of compounds produced by aromatic plants as secondary metabolites 1. ARCHEO (11.11%) and anethole (12.33%) showed no genotoxic effect based on Allium cepa assay mitotic index value. However, ARCHEO exhibited lower antimicrobial activity towards all the tested microbes compared to standard compound anethole and as for the MIC, ARCHEO was effective only towards Salmonella typhimurium (60 µg/mL), Streptococcus mutans (20 µg/mL), and Aspergillus fumigatus (75 µg/mL). ARCHEO was also shown to be more effective than the reference compound anethole in terms of anti-diabetic activity (EC 50 22.35 ± 0.121 µg/mL), tyrosinase inhibitory activity (EC 50 16.45 ± 0.012 µg/mL), and anti-cholinesterase activity (EC 50 22.32 ± 0.016 µg/mL). anti-diabetic, skin whitening, neurodegenerative disorder inhibitory activities of anethole-rich Clausena heptaphylla leaf essential oil (ARCHEO) (88.59%) as revealed by the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis and further confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance 1H-NMR as well as to compare with standard compound anethole. The present study is aimed to the in-depth pharmacological analysis i.e. Anethole, a widely used industrial flavoring agent is majorly sourced from anise and star anise. ![]()
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